考研英語完形填空真題答案

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2025年考研英語完形填空真題答案

  無論是在學習還是在工作中,只要有考核要求,就會有考試真題,借助考試真題可以對一個人進行全方位的考核。一份好的考試真題都具備什么特點呢?以下是小編精心整理的2009 年考研英語完形填空真題答案,歡迎大家分享。

2025年考研英語完形填空真題答案

  考研英語完形填空真題答案 1

  Research on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how smart humans are. 1 the fruit-fly experiments described in Carl Zimmer ’ s piece in the Science Times on Tuesday. Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly 2 to live shorter lives. This suggests that 3 bulbs burn longer, that there is an 4 in not being too terrifically bright.

  Intelligence, it 5 , is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow 6 the starting line because it depends on learning — a 7 process — instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they ’ ve apparently learned is when to 8 .

  Is there an adaptive value to 9 intelligence? That ’ s the question behind this new research. I like it. Instead of casting a wistful glance 10 at all the species we ’ ve left in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real 11 of our own intelligence might be. This is 12 the mind of every animal I’ve ever met.

  Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would 13 on humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an owner, 14 , is running a small scale study in operant conditioning. We believe that 15 animals ran the labs, they would test us to 16 the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for terrain. They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really 17 , not merely how much of it there is. 18 , they would hope to study a 19 question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? 20 the results are inconclusive.

  1. [ A ] Suppose [ B ] Consider [ C ] Observe [ D ] Imagine

  2. [ A ] tended [ B ] feared [ C ] happened [ D ] threatened

  3. [ A ] thinner [ B ] stabler [ C ] lighter [ D ] dimmer

  4. [ A ] tendency [ B ] advantage [ C ] inclination [ D ] priority

  5. [ A ] insists on [ B ] sums up [ C ] turns out [ D ] puts forward

  6. [ A ] off [ B ] behind [ C ] over [ D ] along

  7. [ A ] incredible [ B ] spontaneous [ C ] inevitable [ D ] gradual

  8. [ A ] fight [ B ] doubt [ C ] stop [ D ] think

  9. [ A ] invisible [ B ] limited [ C ] indefinite [ D ] different

  10. [ A ] upward [ B ] forward [ C ] afterward [ D ] backward

  11. [ A ] features [ B ] influences [ C ] results [ D ] costs

  12. [ A ] outside [ B ] on [ C ] by [ D ] across

  13. [ A ] deliver [ B ] carry [ C ] perform [ D ] apply

  14. [ A ] by chance [ B ] in contrast [ C ] as usual [ D ] for instance

  15. [ A ] if [ B ] unless [ C ] as [ D ] lest

  16. [ A ] moderate [ B ] overcome [ C ] determine [ D ] reach

  17. [ A ] at [ B ] for [ C ] after [ D ] with

  18. [ A ] Above all [ B ] After all [ C ] However [ D ] Otherwise

  19. [ A ] fundamental [ B ] comprehensive [ C ] equivalent [ D ] hostile

  20. [ A ] By accident [ B ] In time [ C ] So far [ D ] Better still

  文章背景

  本文是一篇講述動物智能、偏重科技的文章。此文章最先刊登在 2008 年 5 月 7 日的《紐約時報》上,原文的標題是 The Cost of Smarts ,翻譯過來是“聰明的代價”。文中通過對“果蠅”的試驗研究得出“聰明是要付出代價”的結論,最后提出引人深思的問題——人類是否真正意識到自己所生存的世界。

  文章結構

  本文采用了對比的方式展開文章,敘述了人類智慧發展的代價。第一二三段圍繞人類對動物智能的研究對動物以及人類自己造成的影響。文章的最后一段作者展開豐富的聯想,如果動物對人類做實驗的話,它們想從人類身上獲取什么信息呢?

  答案詳解

  1. 【解析】[ B ] 語義銜接 / 詞匯辨析題。本題目選擇動詞,放在祈使句句首。選項 A. suppose 認為,假定; B. consider 考慮; C. observe 觀察; D. imagine 想象。文章開篇指出: Research on animal intelligence always makes us wonder just how smart humans are. “對動物智慧的研究總是讓我對人類到底有多聰明感到好奇”,接著舉了果蠅的例子,該句要選擇的動詞應與上句在語義上銜接。用 consider 意為“讓讀者考慮一下 ( 果蠅實驗 ) ”,從而引出下文,其他選項均不符合題意。

  2. 【解析】[ A ] 語義銜接 / 固定搭配題。本題目選擇動詞 ( 過去式 ) ,與介詞“ to ”構成動詞短語,在句子中充當謂語。選項 A. tended to 易于,往往會……; B. feared to 害怕做某事; C. happened to 碰巧做某事; D. threatened to 威脅要做某事。 Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit flyto live shorter lives. 原文講述的是在實驗中經常發生的一種情況,即“通過訓練變得更聰明的果蠅,其壽命往往比普通果蠅短”。故選 A 。

  3. 【解析】[ D ] 語義銜接 / 詞匯辨析題。本題目選擇形容詞比較級,在句中作定語修飾 bulbs 。 This suggests thatbulbs burn longer, …“這讓人想起……的燈泡照明時間比較長……。”上句講到“聰明的果蠅壽命往往較短”,這句接著用燈泡作類比,承接上句語義,應該是越不亮的燈泡用的時間越長,所以選 D. dimmer 較暗的;選項 C. lighter 更亮的,與前文意思相悖; A. thinner 更薄的,更瘦的; B. stable 更穩定的;該兩項均不符合題意。

  4. 【解析】[ B ] 詞匯辨析 / 固定搭配題。本題目選擇名詞,并與 in 搭配。選項 A. tendency 趨勢,傾向,后面常接介詞 for 或動詞不定式,如: a tendency for sth. 或 a tendency to do sth.( 做 ) 某事的傾向; B. advantage 優勢,后常接介詞 in ,即 an advantage in sth. 在某方面具有優勢; C. inclination 傾向,意愿,傾斜度,后常接介詞 for 或動詞不定式,即 an inclination for sth. 或 an inclination to do sth. 想做某事; D. priority 優先權,后常接 over ,如: take priority over sth./sb. ( 比某事 / 某人 ) 具有優先權。且從上下文語義來看,前面說聰明的果蠅壽命短,越不亮的燈泡用的時間越長,所以這里語義應為“不太聰明 ( 燈泡不太亮 ) 是有優勢的”,故 B 為正確選項。注意, bright 在此處是一語雙關,既可表示“燈泡不那么亮”,也可表示“人不那么聰明”。

  5. 【解析】[ C ] 語義銜接 / 詞匯辨析題。本題目要選擇動詞短語,使插入語完整。從上文可知,“聰明的果蠅壽命往往較短”,以及“不太聰明是有優勢的”,由此推出的結果是:聰明也是要付出代價的。 C. turn out 意為“結果是……”,把 it turns out 用作插入語,使該句與上段內容緊緊聯系起來,因此選 C 。 A. insist on 堅持; B. sum up 總計,總結; D. put forward 提出。這三項均不符合題意。

  6. 【解析】[ A ] 語義銜接題。本題目選擇介詞,體現與 the starting line( 起跑線 ) 的邏輯關系。選項 B. behind 和 C. over 可以首先排除,因為這里沒有涉及空間位置關系;若選 D. along 則是“沿著起跑線徘徊”之意,這與后面的 process 意思不符;選項 A. off 有“離開”之意, slow off the starting line 表示“離開起跑線慢了”,即“起步慢了”,但仍在進步,與后文邏輯一致,故選 A 。

  7. 【解析】[ D ] 語義銜接 / 詞匯辨析題。本題目選擇形容詞,做 process 的定語。破折號表示對前面內容即 learning 的解釋。這里把 learning( 學習 ) 與 instinct( 本能 ) 作對比,結合前文的 slow ,以及學習自身的特點可知,只有 gradual “漸進的” 符合題意。其他三項 A. incredible 難以置信的; B. spontaneous 自發的; C. inevitable 不可避免的 ; 均不符合題意,故本題答案為 D 。

  8. 【解析】[ C ] 語義銜接 / 詞匯辨析題。 Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they ’ ve apparently learned is when to. “許多其他物種都能夠學習,它們顯然已經學會的一件事就是什么時候……學習!庇缮衔目芍斆餍枰獙W習,很多物種都能夠學習,但都沒有變聰明,這是因為它們還學會了適時停止學習。因此選 C 。其他三項在語義上均不通。

  9. 【解析】[ B ] 語義銜接 / 詞匯辨析題。本題目選擇形容詞,作定語修飾 intelligence 。由上文可知,智慧越多,付出的代價越多,因此智慧肯定是有限的,而且根據 value 也可以推斷這里是關于 intelligence 多少的問題。選項 A.invisible 看不見的; C. indefinite 不確定的; D. different 不同的 ; 均與數量多少無關,只有 limited “有限的,不多的”符合題意,故選 B 。

  10. 【解析】[ D ] 語義銜接 / 詞匯辨析題。本題目選擇副詞以表明邏輯關系。“ we ’ ve left in the dust I.Q. wise ”是定語從句,修飾 the species 。 cast a glance at …意為“對……投以目光”;“ leave sb. in the dust ”是固定搭配,“將某人遠遠拋在后面”的意思; I.Q. wise 是派生詞,后綴 wise 表示方式,意為“在 I.Q. 方面”。這句話是說“該研究不是要我們對那些在智力方面已被人類遠遠拋在后面的物種投以悲憐的眼光。”人類看這些被拋在后面的物種,自然是往后看了,所以 D. backward 為正確選項, A. upward 向上; B. forward 向前; C. afterward 之后,后來 ( 表時間 ) ;該三項均不符合題意。

  11. 【解析】[ D ] 語義銜接 / 詞義辨析題。本題目選擇名詞,做賓語從句的主語! it implicitly asks what the realof our own intelligence might be. “這項實驗含蓄地提出一個問題:人類智慧的真正……可能是什么!鼻拔囊呀浱岬 Intelligence … is a high priced option ,因此應選 D.costs 。選項 A.features 特征; B.influences 影響; C.results 結果,均不符合題意。

  12. 【解析】[ B ] 固定搭配題。本題目選擇介詞,與 mind 搭配。 on one ’ s mind 或 on the mind of sb. 是固定短語,意為“有心事,總是想著”,其他三項均不能與 mind 構成固定搭配。

  13. 【解析】[ C ] 固定搭配題。本題目選擇動詞,作為 wonder 引導的賓語從句的謂語。選擇的動詞應與 experiments 搭配。選項 A. deliver 遞送 ;D. apply 應用;兩者均不能與 experiments 搭配。若用 carry ,則為 carry out experiments ,故只能選 C. perform 執行, perform experiments 意為“做實驗”。

  14. 【解析】[ D ] 詞匯辨析題。本題目選擇介詞短語在句中做插入語,表明邏輯關系。前文已經講到作者很好奇,如果動物有機會的話,會對人類進行何種實驗。本句接著說 Every cat with an owner,, is running a small scale study in operant conditioning. “每一只有主人的貓都在進行一項有關操作性條件反射的小規模研究!边@是以 cat 為例進一步論述動物對人進行實驗,因此應選擇表示舉例的介詞短語,故選 D. for instance 例如。選項 A. by chance 偶然; B. in contrast 與……相比; C. as usual 像往常一樣;均不符合題意。

  15. 【解析】[ A ] 邏輯銜接題。本題目選擇連詞,體現句子之間的邏輯關系。由 ran , would 可知,本句使用了虛擬語氣,是對動物可能對人類進行實驗進行了假設,故選 A 。選項 B. unless 除非; C. as 因為; D lest 唯恐,均不符合題意。

  16. 【解析】[ C ] 語義銜接 / 詞匯辨析題。本題目選擇動詞,與 limits 搭配,作為 test 的目的。選項 A. moderate 緩和; B. overcome 克服; D. reach 達到。既然作為測試的目的,應為確定某些內容,故選 C. determine, 這里是“查明,測定”的意思。

  17. 【解析】[ B ] 語義銜接 / 詞義辨析題。本題目選擇介詞,體現邏輯關系。該句承接上一句,繼續論述假設動物對人類進行實驗的內容。選項 A. at 表示方位 ; C. after 表示時間; D. with 表示伴隨,均不符合語義,只有 B. for 表示目的,構成 what … for 符合語境,表明動物們想了解人類智慧是用來干什么的。

  18. 【解析】[ A ] 邏輯銜接題。本題目選擇邏輯關系詞,體現前后句子之間的.邏輯關系。前面兩句解釋了假設動物對人類進行實驗會進行的的內容:它們想了解人類的某些極限,想知道人類智慧的用途。本句與前兩句構成并列排比, they would hope to study aquestion “它們希望研究一個問題”,與前兩句應為順承關系,表示強調或遞進,所以 B. After all 畢竟; C. However 但是; D. Otherwise 否則;三者均不符合題意,只有 Above all “首先,尤其是”符合題意。

  19. 【解析】[ A ] 語義銜接 / 詞匯辨析題。本題目選擇形容詞,作定語修飾 question 。選項 A. fundamental 基本的; B. comprehensive 綜合的; C. equivalent 相等的; D. hostile 敵對的。由下文可知,這個 question 是 Are humans actually aware of the world they live in? “人類是否真正了解他們生活的這個世界?”這應該是個最基本的問題,故選 A 。

  20. 【解析】[ C ] 邏輯銜接 / 詞匯辨析題。本題目選擇短語體現與前面句子的邏輯關系。前面句子提出一個問題,本句講 the results are inconclusive( ……結果是不確定的 ) 。因此, 選項 C. so far “迄今為止”最符合題意, A. By accident 偶然; B In time 及時; D. Better still 更好;三者都不符合語義。

  參考譯文

  對動物智力的研究總是讓我們思考人類到底有多聰明。讓我們看一下卡爾·齊默周二發表在科學時代刊物上的文章所描述的果蠅試驗。有些果蠅經過訓練變得比普通果蠅聰明,但是壽命卻縮短了。這表明暗淡的燈泡使用時間更長,暗淡是燈泡的一個優勢。

  事實證明,智力是要付出昂貴的代價。它需要更多的保養、消耗更多的燃料,因為智力依靠的是學習,這是一個循序漸進的過程,而不是一種本能,所以離開起點時進展緩慢。許多其他的物種也有學習能力,很顯然他們學到的東西之一就是知道何時停止。

  有限的智力是否有適應值呢?這也是此項研究的課題。我對此很感興趣。這個試驗不是去回顧那些被我們劃為低智商的物種,而是含蓄在問我們自己,智力的真正代價是什么。我們所遇到的每種動物也都在思考著個問題。

  對動物智力的研究也讓我想,如果動物有機會的話,他們會對人類作什么樣的實驗。比如說,每只有主人的貓都在進行一個小型的操作性條件反射研究。我們認為如果動物也能進行試驗的話,他們會測定我們的忍耐度,忠誠度,以及對地形的記憶力。他們會試圖判定人類智力的實際用處,而不僅僅是判定人類智力的高低。最重要的是他們希望研究一個最基本的問題:人類是否真正意識到了自己所生存的世界?對此,目前仍無定論。

  考研英語完形填空真題答案 2

  Section I Use of English

  Directions:

  Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

  It’s not difficult to set targets for staff. It is much harder, 1 , to understand their negative consequences. Most work-related behaviors have multiple components. 2 one and the others become distorted.

  Travel on a London bus and you’ll 3 see how this works with drivers. Watch people get on and show their tickets. Are they carefully inspected? Never. Do people get on without paying? Of course! Are there inspectors to 4 that people have paid? Possibly, but very few. And people who run for the bus? They are 5 . How about jumping lights? Buses do so almost as frequently as cyclists.

  Why? Because the target is 6 . People complained that buses were late and infrequent. 7 , the number of buses and bus lanes were increased, and drivers were 8 or punished according to the time they took. And drivers hit these targets. But they 9 hit cyclists. If the target was changed to 10 , you would have more inspectors and more sensitive pricing. If the criterion changed to safety, you would get more 11 drivers who obeyed traffic laws. But both these criteria would be at the expense of time.

  There is another 12 : people became immensely inventive in hitting targets. Have you 13 that you can leave on a flight an hour late but still arrive on time? Tailwinds? Of course not! Airlines have simply changed the time a 14 is meant to take. A one-hour flight is now ballad as a two-hour flight.

  The 15 of the story is simple. Most jobs are multidimensional, with multiple criteria. Choose one criterion and you may well 16 others. Everything can be done faster and made cheaper, but there is a 17 . Setting targets can and does have unforeseen negative consequences.

  This is not an argument against target-setting. But it is an argument for exploring consequences first. All good targets should have multiple criteria 18 critical factors such as time, money, quality and customer feedback. The trick is not only to 19 just one or even two dimensions of the objective, but also to understand how to help people better 20 the objective.

  1. [A] therefore [B] however [C] again [D] moreover

  2. [A] Emphasize [B] Identify [C] Assess [D] Explain

  3. [A] nearly [B] curiously [C] eagerly [D] quickly

  4. [A] claim [B] prove [C] check [D] recall

  5. [A] threatened [B] ignored [C] mocked [D] blamed

  6. [A] punctuality [B] hospitality [C] competition [D] innovation

  7. [A] Yet [B] So [C] Besides [D] Still

  8. [A] hired [B] trained [C] rewarded [D] grouped

  9. [A] only [B] rather [C] once [D] also

  10. [A] comfort [B] revenue [C] efficiency [D] security

  11. [A] friendly [B] quiet [C] cautious [D] diligent

  12. [A] purpose [B] problem [C] prejudice [D] policy

  13. [A] reported [B] revealed [C] admitted [D] noticed

  14. [A] break [B] trip [C] departure [D] transfer

  15. [A] moral [B] background [C] style [D] form

  16. [A] interpret [B] criticize [C] sacrifice [D] tolerate

  17. [A] task [B] secret [C] product [D] cost

  18. [A] leading to [B] calling for [C] relating to [D] accounting for

  19. [A] specify [B] predict [C] restore [D] create

  20. [A] modify [B] review [C] present [D] achieve

  答案及解析

  Section I Use of English

  1. 【答案】B(however)

  【解析】邏輯關系題。觀察選項可知,本題考查邏輯關系。比較前后兩句語義,即It’s not difficult to...(做……不難)和it is much harder to...(做……難得多),由not difficult和much harder可知,前后兩句語義相反,B項however(提示轉折關系)符合原文邏輯關系。本題答案為B項。

  干擾選項:A項therefore(因此)提示因果關系,C項again(又、再)提示并列關系,D項moreover(而且)提示遞進關系,均不符合原文邏輯關系。

  2. 【答案】A(Emphasize)

  【解析】邏輯關系題。句中one和the other提示對比關系,and前后語義相反。由and后的the others become distorted(其余的就被扭曲了)可知,A項Emphasize(強調)符合原文邏輯關系,即,強調一個,其余則被忽略扭曲。本題答案為A項。

  干擾選項:B項Identify(識別),C項Assess(評估),D項Explain(解釋)均不符合原文邏輯關系。

  3. 【答案】D(quickly)

  【解析】語境題。代詞this指代前一句的觀點,即,設定目標會帶來負面后果:只強調一點,其余則被忽略扭曲。本句是對該觀點的舉例論述。對比各項語義:A項nearly(幾乎),B項curiously(好奇地),C項eagerly(渴望地)和D項quickly(快速地)。其中D項符合原文語義,即:坐上倫敦公交車,你很快就會看到這點是如何體現在司機身上的(Travel on a London bus and you’ll quickly see how this works with drivers)。本題答案為D項。

  4. 【答案】C(check)

  【解析】語境題。觀察本段句式特點,可知,本段首句(Watch people get on and show their tickets)與下文為總分關系。作者隨后以自問自答的形式,引出在公交車上乘車買票這一場景中幾個群體的表現。由前文Do people get on without paying? Of course!(人們會逃票上車嗎?當然!)對乘客表現的提問可知,本句要對檢票員(inspectors)是否盡到檢票責任提問。因此C項check(檢查)符合原文語義。本題答案為C項。

  干擾選項:A項claim(宣稱),B項prove(證明)和D項recall(記起)均不符合原文語義。

  5. 【答案】B(ignored)

  【解析】語境題。借助前文Are there inspectors to 4 that people have paid? Possibly, but very few(有檢察員檢查大家是否支付嗎?可能有,但是很少)可知,本句對趕公交的人這個群體的提問也涉及到是否買票的問題。根據前文中各個群體的表現可知,他們買票與否很可能也無人注意。B項ignored(被忽視)符合語義,本題答案為B項。

  干擾選項:A項threatened(被威脅),C項mocked(被嘲弄)和D項blamed(被責備)均不符合原文語義。

  6. 【答案】A(punctuality)

  【解析】邏輯關系題。本句為段首句,本段下文與段首句為總分關系,語義一致。借助下文中drivers were 8 or punished according to the time they took(司機根據所用的時長獲得8或懲罰),以及And drivers hit their targets(司機們達到他們的目標),可知,本句的target(目標)與時間有關。A項punctuality(準時)符合原文邏輯關系。

  干擾選項:B項hospitality(好客),C項competition(競爭)和D項innovation(創新)均不符合原文邏輯關系。

  7. 【答案】B(So)

  【解析】邏輯關系題。觀察選項可知,本題考查句間邏輯關系。比較前后兩句語義,即People complained that buses were late and infrequent(人們抱怨公交車晚點且班次較少)和the number of buses and bus lanes were increased(公交車和公交車道的`數量增加),可知二者為因果關系,即,人們抱怨為因,增加公交車數量為果。B項So(所以)符合原文邏輯關系。本題答案為B項。

  干擾選項:A項Yet(然而),C項Besides(此外)和D項Still(仍然)均不符合原文邏輯關系。

  8. 【答案】C(rewarded)

  【解析】邏輯關系題。or(或者)提示選擇關系,由or后面的punished(懲罰)可知,C項rewarded(獎勵)符合原文邏輯,即,根據所花時長,司機們或接受獎勵或遭受懲罰。本題答案為C項。

  干擾選項:A項hired(被雇傭),B項trained(被培訓)和D項grouped(被分組)均不符合原文邏輯關系。

  9. 【答案】D(also)

  【解析】邏輯關系題。觀察選項可知,本題考查句間邏輯關系。比較上句drivers hit these targets與本句they 9 hit cyclists,可發現,hit為原詞復現,提示兩句為平行結構,D項also(也)符合原文邏輯,即,兩個hit兩個目標:前者hit到的是真正目標;后者hit到的是cyclists,意為誤撞。由此引出設定目標帶來的負面后果。本題答案為D項。

  干擾選項:A項only(只有),B項rather(寧可)和C項once(一旦)均不符合原文語義。

  10. 【答案】B(revenue)

  【解析】語境題。根據后半句you would have more inspectors and more sensitive pricing(你將會看到更多檢票員和更敏感的價格)可知,本題與金錢有關。B項revenue(收益)符合原文語義。本題答案為B項。

  干擾選項:A項comfort(舒適),C項efficiency(效率)和D項security(安全)均不符合原文語義。

  11. 【答案】C(cautious)

  【解析】語境題。本句選項均為修飾drivers(司機)的形容詞,根據本句If the criterion changed to safety(如果把標準改為安全性)可知,修飾司機的形容詞需要體現司機安全駕駛的能力。因此D項cautious(謹慎的)符合原文語義,即,你將會看到更加謹慎且遵守交通規則的司機。本題答案為C項。

  干擾選項:A項friendly(友好的),B項quiet(安靜的)和D項diligent(勤勉的)均不符合原文語義。

  12. 【答案】B(problem)

  【解析】邏輯關系題。another提示本句與前文語義一致。根據上句But both these criterion would be at the expense of time(此處criterion可理解為target,意為:但這兩個標準都將以犧牲時間為代價),可知,前文在說設立目標所致的負面影響。B項problem(問題)可與前文的負面影響進行呼應,符合原文邏輯關系。本題答案為B項。

  干擾選項:A項purpose(目的),C項prejudice(偏見)和D項policy(政策)均不符合原文邏輯關系。

  13. 【答案】D(noticed)

  【解析】語境題。比較各項語義,A項reported(報道),B項revealed(揭露),C項admitted(承認)和D項noticed(注意到),可知,D項符合原文語義,即:你是否注意到,飛機起飛遲了一小時,卻仍然準時到達?本題答案為D項。

  14. 【答案】B(trip)

  【解析】語境題。根據13題所在句語義“飛機起飛遲了一小時,卻仍然準時到達”,及下句A one-hour flight is now billed as a two-hour flight(一小時的航程按兩個小時收費)可知,此處,航空公司改變的是trip(旅程、航程)應花的時長。本題答案為B項。

  干擾選項:A項break(休息),C項departure(離開)和D項transfer(轉移)均不符合原文語義。

  15. 【答案】A(moral)

  【解析】語境題。the story指代前文航空公司為準時到達而修改航班實際時長,本句是對該故事的總結。A項moral(寓意)與story組成“the moral of the story”,意為“該故事的寓意”,符合原文語義。本題答案為A。

  干擾選項:B項background(背景),C項style(風格)和D項form(形式)均不符合原文語義。

  16. 【答案】C(sacrifice)

  【解析】邏輯關系題。one和others提示對比,and前后內容語義相反。而且,本句與前一句所組成的結構“Most jobs are multidimensional, with multiple criteria. Choose one criterion and you may well 16 others”與首段最后兩句的結構Most work-related behaviors have multiple components. 2 one and the others become distorted相似,語義也相近。借助首段對應部分的the others become distorted可知,C項符合原文邏輯關系,即:選擇一個標準,你可能就要犧牲另一個。本題答案為C項。

  干擾選項:A項interpret(詮釋),B項criticize(批評)和D項tolerate(容忍),均不符合原文邏輯關系。

  17. 【答案】D(cost)

  【解析】邏輯關系題。本句中的but提示前后語義相反。由前半句Everything can be done faster and made cheaper(每件事都可以完成得很快,成本很低)可知,D項cost(代價)符合原文邏輯關系,即:但這是有代價的。本題答案為D項。

  干擾選項:A項task(任務),B項secret(秘密)和C項product(產品)均不符合原文邏輯關系。

  18. 【答案】C(relating to)

  【解析】語境題。本題考查連接multiple criteria和critical factors的形容詞短語語義。比較各選項語義,A項leading to(導致),B項calling for(要求),C項relating to(關于)和D項accounting for(對……作出解釋),可知,C項符合原文語義,即,所有好的目標都應具有與關鍵因素(如時間、金錢、質量和用戶反饋)相關的多個標準。本題答案為C項。

  19. 【答案】A(specify)

  【解析】邏輯關系題。not only ... but also提示遞進關系,借助understand可知,先確定目標才能進一步理解目標,所以A項specify(明確規定)符合原文邏輯關系,即,訣竅是不僅要確定目標的一個甚至兩個方面,而且要理解……。本題答案為A項。

  干擾選項:B項predict(預測),C項restore(恢復)和D項create(創造)均不符合原文邏輯關系。

  20. 【答案】D(achieve)

  【解析】語境題。比較各項語義,A項modify(修改),B項review(復習)和C項present(展示)和D項achieve(實現),可知D項最符合原文語義,即,實現目標(achieve the objective)。本題答案為D。

  考研英語完形填空真題答案 3

  Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

  In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, __1__those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can __2__ a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to __3__the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may take the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. __4__, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. __5__ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying __6__ a good family.

  The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, __7__1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and __8__ prayers of blessing. Par--ts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting,__9__cotton threads soaked in holy water around the brides and grooms wrists, and __10__a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the __11__. Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wifes parents and may__12__ with them up to a year, __13__they can build a new house nearby.

  Divorce is legal and easy to __14__, but not common. Divorced persons are __15__ with some disapproval. Each spouse retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is __18__ equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice __19__up. The divorced male doesnt have a waiting period before he can remarry __20__the woman must wait ten months.

  1. A. by way of B. with regard to C. on behalf of D. as well as

  2. A. decide on B. provide for C. compete with D. adapt to

  3. A. close B. arrange C. renew D. postpone

  4. A. In theory B. Above all C. In time D. For example

  5. A. Unless B. Less C. After D. Although

  6. A. into B. within C. from D. through

  7. A. or B. since C. but D. so

  8. A. test B. copy C. recite D. create

  9. A. folding B. piling C. wrapping D. tying

  10. A. passing B. lighting C. hiding D. serving

  11. A. association B. meeting C. collection D. union

  12. A. deal B. part C. grow D. live

  13. A. whereas B. until C. for D. if

  14. A. avoid B. follow C. challenge D. obtain

  15. A. isolated B. persuaded C. viewed D. exposed

  16. A. wherever B. whatever C. whenever D. however

  17. A. changed B. brought C. shaped D. pushed

  18. A. invested B. divided C. donated D. withdrawn

  19. A. warms B. clears C. shows D. breaks

  20. A. while B. so that C. once D. in that

  1. [標準答案][D]as well as

  [考點分析]本題考察邏輯關系

  [選項分析]因為考察邏輯關系,所以需要我們先對填空前后的原文信息做定位分析:文章身處大環境not only…..but also之中,這是一個明顯的并列關系,表示“不僅……而且……”該空與前一句“his parents and his friends”也是并列關系,表示“與他本人以及伴侶的父母朋友相關” 所以答案只能是D. as well as.

  A. by way of通過 B. with regard to 關于 C. on behalf of 代表

  2. [標準答案][A] decide on

  [考點分析]上下文語義

  [選項分析]根據該句的主語a young man與賓語a likely spouse的關系,答案只能是A. decide on 決定。表示自己決定自己的對象。B. provide for 為……提供準備 C. compete with與……競爭 D. adapt to適用

  3. [標準答案][B]arrange

  [考點分析]上下文語義及動詞辨析

  [選項分析]該句意思為,他可以自己選擇自己中意的伴侶并讓父母_____相關事務。四個選項中,A. close 關閉 C renew 更新;恢復 D postpone“推遲”,語義不正確,只有B arrange安排是符合語境。

  4. [標準答案][A]In theory

  [考點分析]上下文語義

  [選項分析]邏輯判斷題。主要是看前后兩句的含義,前面是說“他可以自己選擇自己中意的伴侶并讓父母安排相關事務,或者幾乎不參與,完全讓父母選擇自己的對象! 空格后面說“女方可以拒絕她父母所選擇的對象!边@兩句之間沒有舉例說明的關系,且有一個may,更證明A. In theory的正確性。而其他選項 B. Above all最重要的是, C. In time 準時 D. For example舉例,均不符合題意。

  5. [標準答案][C]After

  [考點分析]上下文語義

  [選項分析]根據下文“______a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other……”知道,只有對象選擇好后,父母才會去調查研究對方的背景。所以只有after才對。其他選項A. Unless 除非,否則 B. Lest 以免,唯恐 D. Although 盡管 都不符合題意。

  6. [標準答案][A]into

  [考點分析]上下文語義及介詞詞義辨析

  [選項分析] 這里主要是看marry與相關介詞的固定搭配。這里marry into就是指嫁到,而其他選項均沒有這層含義。

  7. [標準答案][C]but

  [考點分析]邏輯關系題

  [選項分析]根據上文,說傳統的婚禮時間跨度很長,但是到了1980s,婚禮只持續一天半。所以與前文發生轉變。因此要選擇but轉折關系。

  8. [標準答案][C]recite

  [考點分析]上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析

  [選項分析]空格處需要填一個動詞,和后面的prayersofblessing所搭配,C選項recite為背誦的意思,與所給短語搭配最為合理,譯為“為祈禱者做祈福”。

  9. [標準答案][D]tying

  [考點分析]上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析

  [選項分析]本題需要根據上下文語義分析,空格處需要搭配后文“棉花線頭”,縱觀四個選項[A]折疊

  [B]堆積[C]包裹[D]系上,根據選項含義,只有D和后文的“棉花線頭”搭配最為合理。

  10. [標準答案][A]passing

  [考點分析]上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析

  [選項分析]本題根據選項[A]傳遞[B]點亮[C]隱藏[D]服務,原文空格需要填寫一個動詞與后文“aroundacircle”來搭配,譯為“將蠟燭傳一圈”,故[A]傳遞為正確選項。

  11. [標準答案][D]union

  [考點分析]名詞詞義辨析

  [選項分析]本題根據選項[A]協會,社團[B]會議,會面[C]集合[D]結合。本句語義為“這些受尊敬的夫妻祈禱…”根據語境,結婚是一種夫妻二人的結合,因此,選項[D]結合更符合語境。

  12. [標準答案][D]live

  [考點分析]上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析

  [選項分析]本題比較簡單。根據語義“根據傳統,新婚夫婦要搬到妻子父母家,與父母____一年”根據語境,應為[D]居住為最佳答案。

  13. [標準答案][B]until

  [考點分析]時間邏輯關系

  [選項分析]根據原文,“_____他們在附近建造一棟新房子”[A]然而[B]直到[C]為[D]如果結合語境,[B]直到最符合原文語境,搭配最為合理。

  14. [標準答案] [D]obtain

  [考點分析] 上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析

  [選項分析] Divorce is legal and relatively easy to __14__, but not common.該句句意為離婚是合法的,且相對容易____. A.avoid 避免B.follow 跟隨C.chanllenge挑戰,質疑D.obtain獲得。這里出現and,所以對于離婚這件事不可能是避免或是挑戰,但是跟隨和離婚之間語義不符,但是獲得離婚(的批準)是可以的。選D.

  15. [標準答案] [D] viewed

  [考點分析] 上下文語義及動詞詞義辨析

  [選項分析] Divorced persons are __15__ with some disapproval.離婚的人…一些不贊同。在段首,已經注明離婚是合法的`且相對容易得到批準,但是不常見。這說明離婚在現實中肯定是不太受到人們的歡迎的。而接下來這句就說離婚的人…一些不贊同。再看選項:A.isolated孤立 B.persuaded勸說 C.viewed看做 D. exposed接觸,受到…的影響 C選項固定搭配被認為,放進。

  16. [標準答案] [B]whatever

  [考點分析] 語法

  [選項分析Each spouse retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into the marriage, 17個空對應的都是動詞,所以該句意思為:夫婦雙方保有…財產,這個財產是他或她…(動詞)進婚姻的。 結合選項A whenever“無論何地;任何(地方)=any place where(定從)”。B whatever“無論什么;任何(東西)=anything that/any+N that”。C whenever無論何時;任何(時間=any time when)D however 無論如何;無論多么 。根據語義,這里應該不是讓步的關系,而且填的這個詞還要能修飾property。因此,選擇B =retains any property that he or she ….

  17. [標準答案] [B]brought

  [考點分析] 上下文語義及動詞義辨析

  [選項分析] Each spouse retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into the marriage,結合選項A changed“改變”。B brought “帶來”。C shaped“形成” D pushed“推,逼迫”。結合語境只有B符合,把財產帶入婚姻。

  18. [標準答案] [B]divided

  [考點分析] 上下文語義及動詞義辨析

  [選項分析] …and jointly-acquired property is __18__ equally.結合選項A invested投資 [B]divided平分 [C] donated 捐贈 [D]withdrawn撤出,提取。根據語義應該是共同財產被(夫妻雙方)平分。

  19. [標準答案] [C]shows

  [考點分析] 動詞固定搭配

  [選項分析] Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice __19__up. 該句語義為離過婚的人或許會再婚,但是性別偏見…。結合選項A. warm(up)加熱 B.clear(up) 變晴 C.show (up) 顯現 D.break(up)分裂,分開;顯然C是正確選項。

  20. [標準答案] [A]while

  [選項分析] 上下文語義

  [考點分析] 很明顯的兩類人的對比比較關系。只能選擇while.

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