考研英語語法倒裝句

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考研英語語法倒裝句

  在平時的學習中,看到知識點,都是先收藏再說吧!知識點就是“讓別人看完能理解”或者“通過練習我能掌握”的內容。你知道哪些知識點是真正對我們有幫助的嗎?以下是小編幫大家整理的考研英語語法倒裝句,僅供參考,大家一起來看看吧。

考研英語語法倒裝句

  考研英語語法倒裝句

  1.一般疑問句和特殊疑問句要倒裝

  例如:

  Shall I open the door? 要我開門嗎?

  Are you cold? 你冷嗎?

  Can you read this poem in German? 你能用德語朗誦這首詩嗎?

  Which of the pictures do you like best? 你最喜歡哪張畫?

  How are you getting along? 你目前怎么樣?

  When will there be lasting peace in the world?

  什么時候世界上才能有持久的和平?

  2.There be 句型當中。There be 句型表達的意思是:“某處有….”。這個句型的主語在謂語動詞后面,因此這是倒裝語序。

  例如:

  There are not many people who want to read this book.

  想看這本書的人不多。

  There once lived a pack of wolves in this cave.

  在這個洞里曾經住過一群狼。

  There happened to be a taxi parked at the gate.

  碰巧門口停著一輛出租車。

  There is going to be a change in our arrangement.

  我們的安排將有一個變化。

  3.當連詞as 表示“雖然、盡管”引導讓步狀語從句時,句子要倒裝,as 相當于though,可以替換。

  如:

  Small as/though the atom is, we can smash it.

  盡管原子很小,我們可以擊碎它。

  Tired as/though he was, he went on working.

  (=Although he was very tired, he went on working.)

  雖然他很累,他還是接著工作。

  Cold as/though it was, we went out. 雖然天氣冷,我們還是出去了。

  Child as/though she is, she knows a great deal.

  她雖然是個孩子,但她懂得很多。

  Teacher as he is, he knows little about teaching.

  盡管他是個老師,但不懂什么教學。

  Pilots as he claims he is, no one has ever seen him fly a plane.

  盡管他聲稱是個飛行員,但誰也沒見過他非飛機。

  注意后四句是可數名詞單數作表語并提前,習慣上不用冠詞。

  4.虛擬語氣條件從句中的if 被省略時,要把從句中的were, had 或should 移到主語之前。(if 的省略、倒裝只限于從句中有were, had 或should這三個詞時。)

  例如:

  If I had been in your place, I wouldn’t have given it up so early.

  =Had I been in your place, I wouldn’t have given it up so early.

  如果我在你的位置,我不會這樣早放棄。

  If he were to succeed, the sun would rise from the west.

  =Were he to succeed, the sun….

  如果他能成功,太陽就會從西邊出來。

  If you should be asked about this, say that you know nothing.

  =Should you be asked about this, say……

  如果有人問起你這件事,你就說你什么也不知道。

  Were there no air or water, there would be no life on the earth.

  如果沒有空氣和水,地球上就不會有生命。

  Had you been more careful, you might have avoided the mistake.

  如果你再細心點,本來事可以避免這個錯誤的。

  5.以so開頭的,表示“也一樣”,“也這樣”的句子要倒裝。So 用于肯定句,代替上文中的形容詞、名詞或動詞,通常指前面所說的肯定情況也適用于其他人或物。結構是“so + be (do, have 其他助動詞或情態動詞)+主語”。

  如:

  Production is going up, so is the people’s standard of living.

  生產不斷發展,人們的生活水平也一樣。

  Society has changed and so have the people in it. 社會變了,

  社會上的人也變了。

  Coal is under the ground, and so is oil. 煤在地底下,石油也是。

  He saw it, and so did I. 他看見了,我也看見了。

  They can swim now, and so can we. 他們現在能游泳,我們也能。

  We must start for the work-site now. So must you.

  我們該動身去工地了,你們也該

  關于考研英語的倒裝句難點

  英語的基本語序是"主語+謂語",這種語序稱為陳述句語序或自然語序(normal word order),如果把謂語的全部或一部分置于主語之前,就稱為倒裝語序(inverted word order),當謂語全部置于主語之前,稱為全部倒裝(full inversion);當謂語一部分(如助動詞或情態動詞)置于主語之前,稱為部分倒裝(partial inversion)。

  一、全部倒裝

  (一)there be句型

  有時一些表示存在意義的不及物動詞也可用于該句型,如:stand,lie,exist,live, remain,appear,come,happen,occur,rise等。

  例句:Generally, there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a common set of laws. (選自2007年Use of English)

  分析:該句是復合句,其中a belief與that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states互為同位語關系,形容詞短語large enough to be...作定語修飾states。

  譯文:他們普遍認為新生的國家是擁有主權和完全獨立的國家,大到經濟上可運行良好,并由一套共同法律讓各個新的獨立國家聯合起來。

  (二)表示方向、地點的狀語等詞置于句首

  here, there, up, down, away, in, out, off等位于句首時,往往主謂倒裝。

  例句:Here is an example, which I heard at a nurses convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors.

  (選自2002年Text 1)

  分析:該句是復合句,which I heard at a nurses convention和which works well共同修飾story。

  譯文:舉個例子,在一次護士大會上,我聽到了一個效果很理想的幽默故事,因為聽眾都對醫生持有相同的看法。

  (三)作表語的形容詞或分詞置于句首

  例句:Lying unconsciously under the tree was an old man aged 75.

  分析:該句是簡單句,aged 75修飾an old man,作后置定語。

  譯文:一位75歲高齡的老人躺在樹下,已經不省人事。

  二、部分倒裝

  (一)否定詞或具有(半)否定意義的詞或詞組置于句首作狀語

  如:never, scarcely, hardly, rarely, seldom, little, no sooner...than, hardly...when,scarcely...when (before), not only, in no case (in no way, at no time, on no account, by no means,under no circumstances,in no respects)(決不,在任何情況下都不), no longer/no more (不再)。

  例句: Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe. (2005年第46題)

  分析: 該句是復合句,and前是一復合句,定語從句by which...修飾the means,后一分句中never置于句首引起倒裝。

  譯文: 電視是制造和表達這些情緒的方式之一,在加強不同民族和國家之間的聯系方面,電視也許還從來沒有像在歐洲事務中那樣起過如此大的作用。

  (二)only+副詞/介詞短語/狀語從句(句首狀語由only修飾)

  例句:Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own. (選自2004年Part B)

  分析:該句是復合句,that were very different from their own是修飾languages的定語從句。

  譯文:直到最近,語言學家才開始認真研究與他們自己所掌握的完全不同的語言。

  例句:Only gradually was the byproduct of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution.

  (20xx年第47題)

  分析:該句是由and連接的兩個并列簡單句,兩個分句都是以only開頭的倒裝句,在前一分句中,主干部分是the byproduct of the institution was noted,only gradually修飾noted;在后一分句中,主干是this effect was considered...,其中only more gradually修飾considered, as a directive factor作主語this effect的補足語,介詞短語in the conduct of the institution作directive factor的后置定語,考研英語《考研英語重難點:輕松搞定倒裝句》。

  譯文: 人們只是逐漸地認識到制度這一副產品,而在運行這種制度的過程中,認識到這種效果具有指導性作用的時間則更加緩慢。

  (三)條件從句中省略if

  在虛擬語氣中,條件從句if省略時,倒裝到主語前的是助動詞should,had和系動詞were。

  例句:Were the Times Co. to purchase another major media company, there is no doubt that it could dramatically transform a family run enterprise that still gets 90% of its revenues from newspapers. (1999年第13題)

  分析:該句是復合句,were the Times Co. to purchase是一省略if的倒裝句,that it could dramatically...enterprise是doubt的同位語,而that still gets 90% of its revenues from newspapers是修飾enterprise的定語從句。

  譯文:如果時代公司要收購另一家主流媒體公司的話,那仍舊靠報紙獲得90%收入的家族式企業的模式肯定會遭到它大刀闊斧的改革。

  例句:Had it not been for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving as it is. (1998年第10題)

  分析:該句是復合句,had it not been...是一個省略if的倒裝從句,整個句子表示混合式虛擬語氣,主句表示與現在相反假設,從句表示與過去相反假設。

  譯文:要不是公眾及時投資,我們公司不會像現在這么繁榮。

  (四)其他部分倒裝情況

  表示前面陳述的情況適合于后者,前面是肯定句,后面用so引導;前面是否定句,后面用neither或nor引導,省略倒裝句中的助動詞在時態和語態形式上與前面句子保持一致。

  例句:Americans no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. (選自2005年Text 4)

  分析:該句是由nor引導的并列句。whether in speech or in writing的完整形式是whether they are in speech or in writing,表示讓步;介詞短語with skill and gift在句中作狀語修飾動詞command。

  譯文:美國人不再期望公眾人物在演講或寫作時可以嫻熟地運用技巧和文采來掌握英語,而人們本身也不這樣要求自己。

  (五)so...that結構

  so...that結構中,"so+狀語"位于句首表強調時,使用倒裝。

  例句:So involved with their computers do the children become that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games.

  (2001年第6題)

  分析: 該句是復合句,that leaders at summer computer camps...是一結果狀語從句,so involved with...置于句首引起倒裝。

  譯文: 孩子們對電腦如此著迷,以至于電腦夏令營的組織者們不得不強迫他們停下來做一些體育運動和游戲。

  (六)not until置于句首

  not until置于句首時,連詞until引導的從句主謂不倒裝,但主句的主謂結構必須倒裝。

  例句: Not until you return those books to the library immediately will you have to pay a fine.

  分析: 該句是復合句。由于not until置于句首,主句will you have to pay a fine是一倒裝句。

  譯文: 只有及時還書給圖書館,你才不會受罰。

  (七)as,though,no matter how,however引導的讓步狀語從句

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