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過去進(jìn)行時(shí)用法詳解
導(dǎo)語：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)是進(jìn)行時(shí)的一種，表過去。下面由YJBYS小編告訴大家過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法，歡迎參考!
1、概述
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動作。
The reporter said that the UFO was travelling east to west when he saw it.那位記者說他看見UFO時(shí)，它正由東向西飛行。
I don't think Jim saw me; he was just staring into space.我想吉姆沒看見我;他當(dāng)時(shí)正在凝視天空。
2、構(gòu)成
構(gòu)成過去進(jìn)行時(shí)常由“助動詞be的過去時(shí)was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。was not常簡寫為wasn't, were not簡略為weren't。
-Hey, look where you are going? 喂，看你上哪了?
-Oh, I'm terribly sorry. I wasn't noticing.噢，實(shí)在對不起，我剛才沒留神。
It was raining when we left school.我們離開學(xué)校的時(shí)候正在下雨。
What were you doing when I phoned you last night? 昨晚我給你打電話時(shí)，你正在干什么?
3、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法
(1)表示過去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動作。動作發(fā)生的特定時(shí)間常用一個(gè)短語或時(shí)間狀語從句來表明。
I first met Lisa three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time. 我三年前第一次遇見麗莎時(shí)。她在一家無線電商店工作。
The last time I saw Jane, she was picking cotton in the fields.我最后一次見簡，她正在地里摘棉花。
Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking.湯姆溜進(jìn)了那所房因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)沒人注意他。
It was raining at 6 o'clock this morning.今早六點(diǎn)鐘時(shí)正在下雨。
I was drawing a horse when the teacher came in.當(dāng)老師進(jìn)來時(shí)，我正在畫馬。
(2)表示過去某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動作。
Shirley was writing a book about China last year but I don't know whether she has finished it.舍利去年在寫一本有關(guān)中國的書，但我不知道他是否完成。
They were building a dam last winter.去年冬天他們在建大壩。
I was living in my teacher's house when I was in middle school.上中學(xué)時(shí)，我住在老師家里。
在含有時(shí)間狀語從句的復(fù)合句中，延續(xù)時(shí)間較長的動作用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，另一個(gè)動作用一般過去時(shí)。如果表示兩個(gè)延續(xù)動作在過去某一時(shí)刻同時(shí)進(jìn)行，而不考慮動作的先后長短，則主句和從句的謂語動詞都用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
My pen dropped on the ground when I was walking in the park.我在公園散步的時(shí)候，我的鋼筆掉到地上了。
When I entered the room, she was sitting at her desk.我進(jìn)屋的時(shí)候，她正坐在書桌前面。
The students were reading while the teacher was grading their homework.學(xué)生們在看書，而老師在批改他們的家庭作業(yè)。
(3)用來描寫故事發(fā)生的背景
在口語或記敘代中，可以用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示的持續(xù)動作作為背景，以此引出由一般過去時(shí)表示的新動作。
It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. A young woman suddenly appeared on the river bank.一個(gè)漆黑的夜晚，狂風(fēng)大作，大雨傾盆，一位年輕的婦女突然出現(xiàn)在河岸上。
Mary was making a dress when she cut her finger.瑪麗在縫衣服時(shí)，突然扎破了手。
He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door.他剛要人睡，這時(shí)突然聽到有人砸門。
(4)代替過去將來時(shí)
用于come, go ,leave, start, stay, arrive等表位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動詞，以表示過去將要發(fā)生的動作。
They wanted to know when we were leaving for Shanghai.他們想知道我們什么時(shí)候去上海。
She asked me whether he was starting the next day.她問我他是否第二天就走。
(5)表達(dá)褒貶等感情色彩
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)也可以和always，constantly，continually，forever等連用，表示說話人的主觀感情，如贊揚(yáng)、不滿、厭煩等。
He was always trying out new ideas.他總是試驗(yàn)一些新的設(shè)想。
He was forever complaining about something.他老是怨這怨那。
(6)wonder, hope, think，want 等表示心理的動詞用于進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示婉轉(zhuǎn)的語氣
-Excuse me, sir. Would you do me a favor? --打擾了,先生。你能幫我個(gè)忙嗎?
-Of course. What is it? --當(dāng)然。什么事?
-I was wondering if you could tell me how to fill out this form. --我一直在想你是否能告訴我怎樣填這張表。
-What were you wanting?你要什么?
- I was hoping you would help me with the work.我希望你能幫我做這項(xiàng)工作。
4、一般過去時(shí)與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)用法比較
一般過去時(shí)表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)(強(qiáng)調(diào)一次性動作);而過去進(jìn)行時(shí)則表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動作(強(qiáng)調(diào)反復(fù)的動作)。
Mary wrote a letter to her friend last night.瑪麗昨晚給她的朋友寫了封信。(寫完了)
Mary was writing a letter to her friend last night.瑪麗昨晚一直在給她的朋友寫信。(不一定寫完)
We built a bridge last winter.去年冬天我們修了一座橋。(建成了)
We were building a bridge last winter.去年冬于我們在修一座橋。(一直在修，不涉及結(jié)果)
As she was reading the newspaper, Granny fell asleep.奶奶讀報(bào)時(shí)睡著了。
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